Sunday, April 18, 2010

Kari declared couple mysteriously shifted back to Gothki

Tuesday, April 06, 2010
Myra Imran

Islamabad

Mystery shrouds the circumstances under which a couple declared Kari by their local community for marrying of their own will was taken to their native District Gothki from Islamabad in one day.

In hiding in the capital for the past six months to seek help from the Chief Justice and human rights groups, Ameer Abbas Mehar and Rukhsana Bibi disappeared mysteriously from Sector G-9, Islamabad, on Saturday. The couple is now in the custody of police in Gothki, an area known for Karo Kari traditions.

Their counsel advocates Aftab Alam and Omer Farooq were finally able to contact Rukhsna who was found to be at the Gothki Police Station. She told the lawyers that their life was in grave danger and the Gothki Police took them to Gothki. She said that they would appear before the Supreme Court in Karachi today.

On the other hand, the Margalla Police Station in Islamabad has no knowledge of any such activity having been undertaken by Gothki Police. “No such action can be under taken by the police of any other city in the jurisdiction of Islamabad Police without its permission,” said SHO Margalla Police Station Muhammad Hussain Lasi. Lasi said that it was good that the couple was in police custody.

Advocates Aftab Alam and Omer Farooq have filed a complaint about the disappearance of the couple with Margalla Police Station. “They never wanted to go to Sindh as they knew that they will get killed,” said Aftab. When contacted, in charge Gothki Police Station Alher Khan Abbasi came up with another mysterious story. He said that they caught the couple in Gothki and never went to Islamabad. When asked if they caught them from their homes, he said that “no we caught them from outside their homes.” He said that he had no idea how the couple arrived in Gothki. “We caught them only to obey the orders of the Supreme Court to produce them before the court.”

When asked to let ‘The News’ talk to Rukhsana, Alher Khan said that the couple was already in Karachi where they will appear before the Supreme Court. Munchee Ramazan at Gothki Police Station also confirmed that the couple was with them. “The whole area was on the verge of a big fight only because of a girl,” he said while talking to ‘The News’ on telephone. He said that they also have a case filed against the couple by Ameer’s brothers. “Rukhsana’s family is not letting Ameer’s family to harvest their crops or even come out of their houses only because of what the girl has done,” said Ramazan.

Rukhsana Bibi and Ameer Abbas Mehar belong to village Milan Mehar in Sindh’s District Gothki. Their community declared them ‘Kari’, as they decided to marry against the decision of the Sardars taken about 20 years ago. ‘Karo Kari’ or false allegations of illicit relationship, is the worst form of honour killing that prevails in interior Sindh.

According to statistics collected by Aurat Foundation, there were 475 cases of honour killing reported in 2008, of which 244 took place in Sindh. The story behind the marriage has its roots in another inhuman practice prevalent in the under developed parts of almost all provinces in which a girl is given in marriage contract to the aggrieved party to settle disputes.

In a similar exchange, Rukhsana’s hand was given to an already married member of another family in exchange of a murder committed by one of Rukhsana’s uncles. She was only three at that time. The decision taken by the then Sardar, Ali Gohar, had helped stop fighting between rival groups. Later, when Rukhsana got educated and was able to understand what happened to her, she asked her family to cancel the marriage. As expected, her brothers refused and forced her to obey the decision of the Sardar. Rukhsana was determined to take matters into her own hands. Her case became so famous in that area that no one dared propose to her, because everyone was aware of the consequences.

In one of their interviews with ‘The News’, the couple mentioned that in their area there is no law but only what the sardars want. “Even the police station follows their directives,” they said. Ameer Abbas said the lives of his family members are in grave danger and that they have stopped stepping out of their homes. “I proposed to Rukhsana because I knew that no one else was going to marry her,” he said pointing out that marrying her simply meant putting lives in danger.

When Rukhsana came to Bahawalnagar to attend a marriage in November 2008, the two went for court marriage. Later, they returned to their village where Rukhsana tried to convince her brother to accept their ‘nikah’ but they never took her seriously. Last Ramazan, they decided to marry her as per the orders of sardars. Rukhsana told ‘The News’ that they had no choice but to run away.

In Islamabad, the couple kept on moving from one hiding place to the other just to hide from the community people who, they alleged, were staying at the residence of Sardar Muhammad Buksh Meher in Islamabad. First they stayed in G 6 from where they had to run away after they were traced. They said that people from their area were continuously following them. The two approached the Women Crisis Centre but these centres only cater to women.

Rukhsana decided to stay with Ameer saying that his life was equally in danger. Despite knocking every possible door, the couple failed to receive any help or protection from the government during their stay in Islamabad. Their financial condition went from bad to worse. They kept contacting ‘The News’ to give updates on their condition. One of the senior correspondents tried to initiate mediation for the couple through an influential MNA from Sindh, but he said that it was almost impossible keeping in mind the strict tradition.

The last message ‘The News’ received from Rukhsana reflected the couple’s desperation. She said that she saw no solution but to commit suicide. The couple also met Federal Minister for Human Rights Syed Mumtaz Alam Gillani to seek protection but it turned out to be a disappointment as the ministry officials said that they could not even ensure their own security, how could they provide them protection, a source told ‘The News.’

Their counsels Aftab Alam and Omer Farooq told the scribe that Ameer visited them a day before their disappearance. He told them that their life was in grave danger. “Ameer said that the opposing party has filed a case against them in the Karachi Supreme Court bench alleging that Ameer has killed Rukhsana. “He said that the case has been filed so that they could be taken to that area on legal grounds to produce them before the court,” said Aftab Alam. The same day, the lawyers received a message from the couple informing them that their community had traced them. “Since then, there was no trace of the couple until regional news channels aired the news that Gothki police had caught them,” he added.

Now when the influential sardars have managed to win the first stage by bringing the couple to the areas they wanted under the protection of the police station they virtually run, lives of Ameer and Rukhsana is in the hands of the protectors of this centuries-old tradition. It seems the tradition will prevail yet again.
Source
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I think their tradition is so strong.

Thursday, April 15, 2010

Mystery surrounds Poe-based play

By Robyn Bradley Litchfield • April 9, 2010 

Magic, betrayal, forbidden love, tragedy, secrets and familial bonds -- you'll find it all in the Alabama Shakespeare Festival's latest Southern Writers' Project world premiere.

"The Fall of the House" by Robert Ford previews today and Saturday, opens Sunday and runs through April 25.

Ford has said that "The Fall of the House," a play haunted by the spirit of Edgar Allan Poe, grew out of his fascination with "the secrets in our soil, our walls and our DNA, with how the past quietly shapes the present, with how the gross indecencies of that past still haunt us, and with how theater -- uniquely -- just might help run off the demons."

Sound mysterious?

There is a mystery, but ASF's artistic team is keeping it under wraps until the show opens and audiences can experience it for themselves.

ASF's producing artistic director, Geoffrey Sherman, was primarily drawn to the playwright's sheer literacy.

"His command of the language is quite extraordinary," Sherman said. "I was reminded of plays by the likes of Tom Stoppard immediately. Then, when we met, I discovered that he had based the play on some of Stoppard's work."

ASF associate director Nancy Rominger is directing this SWP production, and the cast is divided into two groups, the Past and the Present & Recent Past.

The Past comprises Erika LaVonn as Munny, Gerritt VanderMeer as Edgar Allan Poe, Margaret Loesser Robinson as Eliza Poe and Jonathan C. Kaplan as David Poe.

The Present & Recent Past comprises Angela K. Thomas as Janice Berry, Kaplan as Cage and Jack, Robinson as Wilson and Lucy, VanderMeer as the judge and social worker and Ta'Myia Narcisse-Cousar as young Janice and Linney. (Ta'Myia, by the way, is a 10-year-old Montgomery resident who attends Dozier Elementary School.)

Before rehearsal a few days ago, LaVonn said, "This is a fantastical piece that journeys over time. It explores loves lost and missed connections."

LaVonn spent more than three years on Broadway in "The Lion King" and recently appeared in ASF's production of "Nobody" by Richard Aellen.
Source
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It's fun to read these great literary works with some mysteries and twist and turns involved.

Monday, March 29, 2010

Honeybee Die-off Continues

 In October of 2008, MoreMarin posted a story about a mysterious mass die-off of honeybees, called Colony Collapse Disorder or CCD. Entire hives of honeybees, arguably one of nature's hardest workers, were simply dying and there was no single explanation for the cause.

Fast forward nearly two years and the problem has not abated. In fact, according to this just published article, it's gotten worse.

Honeybees are essential for pollinating huge swaths of agricultural farmland, including the tracts that sit in California's Central Valley. The bees are trucked in by the hundreds of thousands to pollinate the crops, then trucked off to another part of the country to do the same thing. Apparently this year, beekeepers had trouble finding enough viable hives to fill pollination requests in the San Joaquin Valley.

Not good news; no pollen = no food.

Now, a new study just out points to pesticide use as the most likely culprit. The researchers discovered that over 800 samples of wax and bee pollen contained 121 different types of pesticides within the samples. Bee experts worry that hive exposure to multiple pesticides--coupled with things like viruses, weather and poor nutrition--is the likely cause.

At a scientific conference held in San Francisco on Thursday, chemists hope to scrutinize the study findings and take a look at the bee die-off problem. They join U.S. federal, state and local agencies and environmental groups who are all scrambling to figure out why it's happening, and how it can be fixed.
We hope they figure it soon...for everyone's sake.
Source
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Honeybee die-off is not a really a mystery, it's like the environment is talking to us that there is something and we must do something about it.

Sunday, March 28, 2010

Mysterious Monkeys of Tampa Bay is A Facebook Phenomenon

A monkey has gone viral … on Facebook. The story dates back more than a year, when numerous sightings of a mysterious monkey were first reported around the state of Florida.

Since then, the local media has latched onto the case, with the St Petersburg Times devoting a microsite to the primate. In recent days, the story has garnered national attention, and the most recent update to a Facebook Page for the creature indicates that there have been 15,000+ new fans added in the past day thanks to coverage on the Today Show and in USA Today.

Like other infamous Facebook fugitives, fans are posting wall comments in droves, encouraging the elusive monkey to continue to fight the good fight when it comes to evading authorities. There are also the requisite mock campaign posters and lolcats knock-offs. Of course, this is all made considerably more humorous by the fact that the subject of the Fan Page is, after all, a monkey.

Facebook’s favorite primate lists his personal interests as, “Bananas, swinging through trees, messing with the popo, flinging feces, screeching at the top of my lungs, and basically hanging out with my peeps. I am also interested in the theory of relativity, and post modern art. I also like the warm sun, a cold cervesa, and a nice grouper sandwich.”
Source
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Theses mysterious monkeys was really a phenomenon, having thousands of Facebook fans is one of the evidences.

Sunday, March 21, 2010

Mystery continues | 'Your Story' heroine recognizes old farmhouse

Published: March 19, 2010 01:24 pm 


Editor’s note: The introduction to “Your Story,” Volume II, takes place in an empty farmhouse in eastern Centre County, where the heroine and her husband are doing a walk-through with a real estate agent.

The heroine isn’t interested in the house until she comes upon a mysterious door at the back of the stairway landing.

No one had mentioned the door or what could possibly lie behind it, so the heroine turns the doorknob to find a cramped hallway with an oval window. A window that hadn’t been visible from the outside of the house.

The heroine ventures into the hallway, which has small, bare rooms on either side – possibly servants’ quarters from another time.

Outside the mysterious oval window, the heroine sees snow falling, not on the trees and fields outside the house, but on a city street.

Not able to believe what she is seeing, the heroine looks again and realizes she is looking upon Johnstown, where she had grown up.

In Chapter 1, Melissa, the heroine, is looking upon the Johnstown scene through the secret window she has discovered when she sees a bank sign flashing Feb. 20, 1975.

Intrigued, she rips the window open and climbs into her past to find that no one can see her – no one but an eerie young girl who tells her this place isn’t real.

This strange world isn’t from Melissa’s memory, but the past comes to unnatural life.

The girl tells her there is something she must see before even thinking of buying the Centre County farmhouse that seems a universe away now.

Melissa shakes her head and turns to go back to her own world, but the window has disappeared.

Chapter 2

BY SHANE MCGREGOR

Melissa wheeled back around, fearing the worst from her creepy new acquaintance.

She was surprised, however, to find those wide, icy eyes blankly looking back at her.

“Come on,” she beckoned. “I’ve got something to show you.”

They walked side by side in silence, the little girl one step ahead of Melissa so as to guide the way across the gray landscape of the Flood City.

The occasional passersby offered not even a wink in their direction.

The dirty soup of melting snow and laying gravel crackled on the sidewalks beneath their feet.

The silence became too much for Melissa.

“Where are you taking me?” she asked.

The little girl paused before answering.

“Oh … not too far away,” she replied.

“Just right … up … there.”

Her thin, icy finger stretched out in front of her, pointing toward the upcoming intersection a half block away.

“Cedar and Sparrow. The last place I ever saw in Johnstown.”

The words barely entered Melissa’s head before she froze at the sight in front of her.

A mirror image of the little girl strolled up to the intersection, pausing diligently to look both ways before crossing the street.

But the closer the little girl came, the more Melissa noticed something different about her.

Her floral-printed blouse and jumper were brighter, more lively, than the gloomy aura of Melissa’s temporary tour guide.

The cheery little girl was half-skipping down the sidewalk, smiling and humming a sing-song tune under her breath, when the van pulled up.

Dark gray, rusted, and creaking, the large van rubbed against the curb as it pulled up to the little girl and a window rolled down.

A scruffy voice, barely loud enough for Melissa to hear, called out to the little girl on the sidewalk.

“Sweetheart, I think I’m lost. Could you help me with some directions?”

The little girl paused, carefully surveying the situation, before telling the man she could.

“Oh, why thank you, sweetheart. I’m looking for Franklin Street …”

“That’s easy, mister – just keep going over the bridge,” the little girl piped up in response.

“What’s that you say?”

“Just keep going over the bridge, mister, it’s right over the –”

“I’m sorry, honey, my hearing is bad in my right ear – I’m an old man, you see. Would you mind stepping a bit closer?”

But the two little black shoes didn’t even make it to the curb before the passenger door swung open and a large, powerful hand grabbed the little girl by her tiny arm and yanked her into the van.

Melissa yelped in surprise just as a blood-curding scream unfurled from the little girl’s throat. The passenger door shut just as quickly as it opened, and the gray van sped off through the intersection.

Mortified, Melissa turned to the gloomy little girl still standing on her left.

“Oh my gosh! Oh my gosh! What did they do –”

But the little girl beside her did not jump, did not scream, and did not panic at the sight – a moviegoer who has already seen the film.

“Take my hand,” the girl replied calmly.

She led Melissa over to the closest house on the street, an old brown box of a thing that had been abandoned for years.

Her pulse couldn’t help but quicken as the little girl cracked open the creaky door with one twist of the doorknob.

“Don’t be afraid,” said the little girl, expressionless.

“Just come in.”

Melissa closed her eyes as the little hand pulled her into the musty darkness.

Still shaken from the sight she had just witnessed, she wasn’t sure she could handle what might be waiting inside this house.

But the creaky, splintered floor that she expected to step onto never appeared.

“Is this grass?” Melissa opened her eyes at once, and the brightness of the scene surprised her.

This wasn’t a creaky old house in Johnstown.

Fifty yards ahead of her, a ramshackled farmhouse stood in the fading light of the sunset.

The house looked rundown and rustic – but familiar. Melissa turned to the little girl, hand still locked with hers, and was just about to speak when she recognized the house in front of her.

And just as she and her husband had done a few hours ago, an old, gray van rolled down the gravel driveway and parked next to the old farmhouse.



Writing Chapter 3

The Tribune-Democrat and the Centre Daily Times of State College are collaborating to bring another “Your Story” to the region’s writers.

To submit an entry, pick up the story thread where it ends today and take the story forward.

Submit your entry for Chapter 3, up to 700 words, by noon Friday.

Entries can be e-mailed to Renée Carthew, Features Editor, at rcarthew@tribdem.com; sent by fax to 539-1409; or mailed to The Tribune-Democrat, 425 Locust St., P.O. Box 340, Johnstown, Pa. 15907-0340.

Judges at each paper will pick two finalists each week and send them to an independent panel of judges that will pick the winner.

The winning chapter and a short story about the author will be published in both papers on April 4, and then the process will begin again.

The goal is a five-chapter story, and how it proceeds is up to you, the readers.

The ongoing story will appear on The Tribune-Democrat’s Web site – www.tribdem.com.

Source
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Maybe bit not satisfied and want more of this story, just go to the source and enjoy reading.

Saturday, September 5, 2009

Facts of Life:Answers to Life's Little Mysteries

I'm an avid reader of Reader's Digest, Asia's biggest selling monthly magazine. I love to read almost about anything------technology, religion, world history, mathematics, psychology, anthropology, politics, etc. Reader's Digest has balanced information about anything and one of my favorite is about its regular article titled "Facts:Answers to Life's Little Mysteries." In the magazine that is the title of that article, but in the website its "FACTS OF LIFE". Its about anonymous question about how certain things, events, people, places and anything under the sun were been just they are. For further clarification about what I am talking about here are the articles from June 2008 to July 2009 issues in descending order.

Why is a square boxing area called a ring? (Article from July 2009)

The answer is that “ring” was first applied not to the boxing area but to the spectators who formed a ring around the combatants, according to Brewer’s Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Although hand-to-hand combat was probably invented by the first two-year-old boy to discover he had a younger sibling, the first public boxing matches took place in early 18th century England. These were bare-knuckled affairs with no time limits, no ropes and no referees. The winner was the last man standing. The ring of bloodthirsty fans formed an enclosure for the pugilists.

Eventually, as boxers started to make more money for their efforts, small arenas were built that featured rings demarcated by wooden barriers or heavy ropes. The current ring, with four (or occasionally three) ropes tied to turnbuckles on corner posts, is the descendant.


Why does a horrible drug like heroin have a heroic name? (Article from March 2009)

Yes, heroin derives from the same Greek word, heros, that gave us the English hero and heroine. Although heroin's manufacture and distribution have long ago been outlawed around the world, the morphine derivative was developed as a legitimate painkiller.

Heroin was originally a legitimate trademark taken by a German pharmaceutical company, so the brand name was consciously designed to evoke only positive associations. Not only was heroin effective as a painkiller, it also had the ‘bonus' of giving patients a euphoric feeling, and as we now know, delusions of grandeur. Although these side effects can be deadly in an illicit drug, it was at first a distinct selling point in marketing heroin to physicians as a painkiller.


How did the phrase "spelling bee" originate? (Article from February 2009)

The word ''bee'' has three meanings, according to the Collins English Dictionary. Besides it being the name of the insect family called Apoidea and a marine equipment used for reeving outhauls, it's also defined as a social gathering for a specific purpose. The origin of the term ''spelling bee'' has never been satisfactorily accounted for, says the Scripps National Spelling Bee, also known as the Bee.

''Spelling bee'' is apparently an American term that first appeared in print in 1875. However, they are certain the term was used orally years before that. The Bee also points out some scholars have rejected the social gathering explanation and have suggested this ''bee'' is a different word. One possibility is that it either comes from the Middle English word ''bene,'' which means prayer or favour, or a dialect form – ''been'' or ''bean,'' which refers to voluntary help given by neighbors towards the accomplishment of a particular task. No-one is entirely certain, the Bee concludes.

Why is the letter "W" called double "U" when it looks more like two "V"s put together? (Article from January 2009)

According to the experts at AskOxford.com, English uses the Latin alphabet of the Romans but the latter had no letter suitable for representing the phoneme ''w'' used in Old English. The earliest form for ''w'' was probably the ''uu'' that was used by scribes in the seventh century. Some of the scribes later replaced the ''uu'' with the runic symbol known as ''wynn.''

European scribes continued to use the ''uu'' term and this usage was brought back to England along with the Norman Conquest in 1066. Early printers sometimes used ''vv'' for the lack of a ''w'' in their type but the pronunciation ''double u'' stuck around till now.

Do starfish have faces? (Article from December 2008)

Starfish are not fish. They are properly known as sea stars, and are classified as Echinodermata (spiny skinned), the same phylum of invertebrates as sea cucumbers and urchins.

It's hard to have a face when you don't have a head. Sea stars, like all echinoderms, are radially symmetrical with a top side, but no front and back. They have five - or more - arms and absolutely no notion of forwards or backwards.

Sea stars have a groove running along the bottom of each arm that contains hundreds of tiny "tube feet". These not only enable sea stars to move, but are also equipped with suction cups, which allow them to grip surfaces with some of the tube feet and propel themselves forward with others. Each arm contains a single tube foot that is longer than the other feet and does not have a suction cup. When a sea star moves, this special tube is able to sense chemicals in the water.

Sea stars have no eyes, noses, ears or heads, but they do have mouths, usually located right in the centre of the bottom of the sea star. They feast on oysters, clams, mussels, coral, fish and other animals that live near the floor of the sea. While it takes some skill for us to pry open an oyster, sea stars have mastered their technique; they wrap their arms around the oyster and use their tube feet to pry apart the oyster shell. Once there is the slightest crack in the shell, the sea star extends its jellylike stomach out of its mouth and inserts the stomach inside the shell of the oyster. The digestive juices of the stomach move into the crack of the shell while the inside-out stomach of the sea star digests its prey.

Why don't cats like to swim? (Article from November 2008)

Many people think that cats are afraid of water. They're not. Occasionally, one can see a cat pounce spontaneously into the water. Nature documentary fans can attest to the fact that many of the cats' larger relatives, such as tigers and jaguars, love to swim.

So why isn't your cat likely to stick a paw into the pool? For the same reasons it always drives you nuts: it has a cleanliness fetish, and it's lazy. Your cat refuses to have a good time.

It won't get wet because it figures it isn't worth the effort needed to dry and clean itself with its tongue to enjoy something as superficial as marine frolic. Unless you starve it and stock your pool with fish, your cat is likely to remain landlocked.

Why is saffron ridiculously expensive? (Article from October 2008)

The saffron threads used to colour and flavour many dishes, particularly in Indian cooking, are the golden orange stigmata of the autumn crocus, a plant of the iris family. Autumn crocuses are far from rare. So why is saffron so dear?

There are two reasons. The crocus flowers must be picked by hand to extract the saffron threads. As many as 500,000 (1.5 million stigmata) are needed to collect just 500g of saffron.

The flowers are picked immediately after they blossom, and the stigmata are cut with fingernails and then dried by the sun or by fire. During this drying process, the saffron loses approximately 80 percent of its weight.

Saffron could be cultivated in the West and still is grown in parts of the Mediterranean, but where could affluent countries find labour inexpensive enough to produce saffron as cheaply as the ‘ridiculously expensive’ price we pay today?


Why do other people hear our voices differently than we do? (Article from September 2008)

We have probably all had this experience. We listen to a tape recording of ourselves talking with some friends. We insist the tape doesn’t sound at all like our voice, but everyone else’s sounds reasonably accurate. According to speech therapist Dr Mike D’Asaro, there is a universal pattern of rejection of one’s own voice. Is there a medical explanation?

Yes. Speech begins at the larynx, where the vibration emanates. Part of the vibration is conducted through the air – that is what your friends (and the tape recorder) hear when you speak. Another part of the vibration is directed through the fluids and solids of our heads. Our inner and middle ears are parts of caverns hollowed out by bone – the hardest bone of the skull. The inner ear contains fluid, the middle ear contains air, and the two press against each other. The larynx is also surrounded by soft tissue full of liquid. Sound transmits differently through the air than through solids and liquids, and this difference accounts for almost all of the tonal differences we hear on a recording of our own voice.

When we speak, we are not hearing our voice solely with our ears, but also through internal hearing, a mostly liquid transmission through a series of bodily organs. During an electric guitar solo, who hears the “real” sound? The audience, the guitarist or a tape recorder located inside the guitar?

The question is moot. There are three different sounds being made by the guitarist, and the principle is the same for the human voice. We can’t say that either the tape recorder or the speakers hear the “right” voice, only that the voices are indeed different.

Dr D’Asaro points out that we have an internal memory of our voice in our brain, and the memory is richer than what we hear in a tape playback. Listening to a recording of our own voice is like listening to a symphony on a bad transistor radio – the sound is recognisable but a pale imitation.

Why does GPS sometimes fail to pinpoint my location? And who owns the satellites in the sky? (Article from August 2008)

Because of issues with national security, only the military and other approved agencies have access to the Precise Positioning

Service that nails you to the spot.

There are about 800 satellites snagged in Earth’s orbit, from 150 to 40,000 kilometres away, circling us as we spin. Geostationary ones rotate at the same speed as Earth and appear fixed in the sky.

Some of those 800 satellites are no longer working – others have been turned off. NASA reports that they may drop back towards Earth or not, depending on their orbit. Some burn fully upon re-entry; others don’t. The US tracks unburned bits of their spent satellites that, happily, usually land harmlessly in the ocean.

Aside from feeding information to your GPS, satellites are involved in high-speed internet connections, international phone calls and package tracking. They facilitate ATM transactions, help ships navigate, monitor the world’s weather (including tracking hurricanes), and register climate change by measuring sea ice and ozone thickness.

Dozens of satellites are devoted to the task of navigation, a benefit discovered by scientists monitoring the world’s first man-made satellite, launched by Russia in 1957. By using a pair of synchronised clocks – one on the ground, one in the satellite – distance is calculated by the amount of time it takes a radio signal to travel between the two. Four satellites can precisely triangulate latitude, longitude and altitude.

Governments may wholly own satellites or operate ones jointly with commercial interests. Major federal owners include the US, Canada, Russia, Japan, Europe and India. Several of the roughly 300 commercial satellites feed information to major news outlets such as CNN and the BBC. A typical working satellite costs about $390 million to build, launch and insure.

If peanuts are part of the legume family, then why must you steer clear of tree nuts – not beans – when you have a peanut allergy? (Article from July 2008)

While people with a peanut allergy are often counseled not to eat tree nuts – such as almonds, pecans, pistachios and walnuts – the allergies are not the same, nor are they linked. Except, explains Dr Scott H. Sicherer, author of Understanding and Managing Your Child's Food Allergies, for the fact that sensitive people are prone to multiple allergies.

Science has not yet an­swer­ed why peanuts, which are classified as legumes, provoke such a swift, strong reaction in so many. One theory is that some peanut proteins evade digestion better than do the proteins in other legumes. Sicherer notes that undigested proteins ''show themselves more'' to the immune system. Another theory is that roasting the peanut makes it more allergenic.

Interestingly, allergies to tree nuts pair up: if you react to walnuts, then pecans are also more of a problem, and almond allies with hazelnut.


Why do we sometimes cry when we laugh? (Article from June 2008)

Weeping with laughter, sobbing in sorrow: Our bodies react similarly when emotions run high. A few scientists have explored the phys­ical pathways of emotional tears, but none have categorically stated why these tears exist. Tom Lutz, author of Crying: The Natural and Cultural History of Tears, notes Darwin published snapshots of laughing and crying people to demonstrate that the same expression accompanies both behaviours. ''Some tears are squeezed out of the ducts simply because the face is scrunched up,'' explains Lutz. ''But tears also accompany the body's return to homeostasis after extreme excitation. So after a big laughing jag, tears are a sign that the body is returning to normal.''

What tears are made of, however, may offer further clues about why we cry. Unlike tears that well up when you chop onions, emotional tears are unusually rich in protein-based hormones that spike when you're stressed. This fact led one US biochemist to theorize that releasing tears – and thus the hormones in them – may be the body's attempt to reduce stress. Regardless of its cause – be it pleas­ure or pain – people do tend to feel better after a good cry.

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This was just some examples of articles you can see in "FACTS" section of Reader's Digest. I intentionally skip some months and if you're like me who often read the magazine, you know that most of time there were two anonymous question about something. Again, I intentionally include only one. If you want for more article, visit "FACTS OF LIFE" section of the magazine site.

Tuesday, August 4, 2009

Mission to Solve Mystery of How Pioneer Aviator Disappeared

An expedition will test items found on a Pacific island for DNA of 1930s heroine Amelia Earhart.

Aviation pioneer Amelia Earhart, who vanished in 1937 while attempting to become the first woman to fly around the world. Photograph: File/Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe College/AP

It remains one of the greatest mysteries of the Golden Age of Flight: what happened to the American pioneer aviator Amelia Earhart when she disappeared over the Pacific Ocean 72 years ago?

The question might finally be answered by a forthcoming expedition to a tiny archipelago where researchers believed Earhart might have lived as a lonely and doomed castaway on a desert island.

In order to test their theory, the expedition, organised by The International Group for Historic Aircraft Recovery (Tighar), has obtained DNA samples from a member of the Earhart family and will compare them to any findings they make on isolated Nikumaroro Island. "I am quite optimistic. We have every reason to believe that we can find some material there and now we have a sample to compare it with for the first time," said Ric Gillespie, director of Tighar.

Earhart was a hugely popular figure of the 1920s and 1930s as the fledgling aviation industry became a national obsession. As a woman in a man's world of derring-do she became famous for her tomboyish adventurism.

She hit the headlines as the first woman to command a flight across the Atlantic, although her plane was actually piloted by a man. She then toured the country performing flying feats and organising cross-country races for female pilots. In 1932 she duplicated Charles Lindbergh's famous solo flight over the Atlantic, becoming only the second person to fly alone from America to Europe.

But tragedy struck in 1937. On an epic round-the-world flight Earhart's plane got into trouble over the Pacific. Earhart radioed that she was running out of fuel and then, it is believed, she ditched her plane somewhere near Howland Island, part of the same chain as Nikumaroro Island. A massive air-and-sea search, ordered by President Franklin D Roosevelt, turned up nothing.

Gillespie's team has been working on Nikumaroro for almost a decade, following up reports from 1940 when British officials, who were clearing the then uninhabited island for a coconut plantation, discovered a camp site and skeletal remains of a castaway. Those remains were lost, but their measurements indicated they could be of a Caucasian female. In 2007 Gillespie found the site and uncovered early 20th-century make-up and two pieces of broken glass that could have come from a 1930s-style compact mirror.

Gillespie said that modern DNA analysis techniques meant that any other human artefacts recovered could now be swabbed for the tiniest traces of DNA and compared to the Earhart family sample. His team will be looking for traces of mitochondrial DNA, which breaks down less easily than the chromosomal DNA of a cell's nucleus. Gillespie said that the mission, which will begin next summer, has every chance of success: "It is the intellectual challenge of finding out what happened. It is the thrill of the search. There is rarely any chance in archaeology to have an Indiana Jones experience - it actually all happens in the lab or at your desk when you finally figure something out."

The mission is controversial with some Earhart enthusiasts. It is partly based on a theory that Earhart was able to send distress signals from somewhere on land after she had crashed her plane, the Lady Lindy. Tighar believes those signals show she ditched her plane and survived by making it to an isolated island. Others, including searchers at the time, believe that those calls were cruel hoaxes and misunderstood radio signals.

What is not in doubt is the continued fascination Earhart holds in the popular imagination. She was a character in the movie Night at the Museum 2 earlier this year and in a few months' time a Hollywood biopic of her life starring Hilary Swank will be released. However, Gillespie said that he is actually not a part of the Earhart fan club, just a scientist trying to get to the bottom of a mystery. "We recognise her tremendous accomplishments, but we are scientific investigators. We have to recognise her failings. She ended up where she did because she was not paying enough attention," he said.


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I was extremely curious of what really happens to her.


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